The Byzantine Empire

Explore the fascinating history of the Byzantine Empire, a pivotal era bridging antiquity and the Middle Ages. This course delves into the nature and evolution of this influential civilization, spanning from 330 AD to 1453. Discover how Constantinople (modern-day Istanbul) rose to become the heart of the Eastern Roman Empire, also known as the Later Roman Empire or Mediaeval Roman Empire.

For over a millennium, Constantinople was the largest and wealthiest city in Christendom, offering unparalleled protection and a high standard of living compared to its neighbors, including Islamic empires. Experience the unique blend of Roman governance and Christian faith that defined the Byzantine state.

This course traces the empire's transformation from a continuation of the Roman Empire with a new faith to a distinct Greek Orthodox nation state, separate from both Western Christendom and the Islamic world. Learn about the factors contributing to its remarkable longevity, including resilience against climate disasters, plagues, and invasions.

Key topics covered include:

• Foundation of Constantinople & Rise of Christianity: Uncover the origins of the city and the establishment of the Christian faith within the Roman framework.
• Survival & Growth of the Eastern Empire: Examine how the Eastern Roman Empire thrived during a period of widespread collapse in the West.
• The Age of Justinian: A Failed Glory?: Analyze the ambitious reign of Justinian and its lasting impact.
• Persian Wars & the Islamic Expansion: Understand the challenges posed by the rising Islamic powers and the resulting conflicts.
• Recovery After 700 AD: Explore the Byzantine Empire's resilience and resurgence following initial setbacks.
• Decline After 1025 AD: Investigate the factors contributing to the gradual weakening of the empire.
• Post-Crusader Sack Recovery: Assess the Byzantine Empire's attempts to recover after the devastating Fourth Crusade in 1204.
• The Final Decline & Turkish Conquest: Follow the empire's final decline and its ultimate fall to the Ottoman Turks.

Beyond political history, the course also touches upon significant theological disputes and the evolution of the Greek language within the Byzantine context.

Led by an experienced university lecturer and author specializing in ancient and Byzantine history, this course offers a comprehensive and engaging exploration of one of history's most enduring empires.