Web Application Fundamentals: Building Your Foundation Part3

Understanding the Fundamentals of the Web: A Comprehensive Guide

What is a Web Server? A web server is a computer system that delivers web pages to users. It's the backbone of how websites function online.

The Purpose of a Web Server: The primary purpose of a web server is to respond to requests from web browsers and serve the necessary files (HTML, CSS, JavaScript, images, etc.) to display web pages.

HTTP and Web Server Requests: Does a web server accept requests via HTTP only? While HTTP is the most common protocol, modern web servers also support HTTPS (secure HTTP) for encrypted communication.

The Computer Behind Every Website: Every website resides on a computer. This computer is commonly referred to as a server.

What is an Intranet Server? An intranet server is a web server used to host internal websites and resources within an organization, accessible only to its employees.

What is a Web Browser? A web browser is a software application used to access and view websites. Popular web browsers include:
* Google Chrome
* Mozilla Firefox
* Safari
* Microsoft Edge

Can You Have Multiple Browsers Open? You can have multiple web browsers open simultaneously on your computer.

One Server, One Browser? A single web server can handle requests from multiple web browsers concurrently.

Common Browser User Interface Features: Most web browsers offer common user interface features like:
* Address bar
* Back/Forward buttons
* Refresh button
* Bookmark/Favorites
* Tabbed browsing

Browser vs. Search Engine: A web browser is not the same as a search engine. A search engine is a website that helps you find information on the web. Examples of popular search engines include:
* Google
* Bing
* DuckDuckGo

What is a Web Page? A web page is a document displayed on the World Wide Web, typically written in HTML.

What is a Hyperlink? A hyperlink (or simply link) is a reference to another part of the same document, to another web page, or to another resource.

Web Page Language: Web pages are primarily written in HTML (HyperText Markup Language).

What is a Website? A website is a collection of related web pages, often hosted on a single server. Examples of notable websites include:
* Google.com
* Wikipedia.org
* Amazon.com
* Facebook.com

Are All Websites Public? Not all websites are public. Some websites are private or require a login.

How to Access a Website: You access a website by entering its web address (URL) into a web browser.

Web Page vs. Website: Key Differences: A web page is a single document, while a website is a collection of interconnected web pages.

What is a Home Page? The home page is the first page you see when you visit a website.

What is an Email Address? An email address is used to send and receive electronic mail.

What is a Web Address? A web address (also known as a URL) is a unique identifier for a resource on the World Wide Web.

URL Full Form: URL stands for Uniform Resource Locator.

Spaces in URLs: URLs do not contain any spaces.

Four Key Parts of a URL: A URL typically consists of four key parts:
* Protocol (e.g., HTTP, HTTPS)
* Domain name (e.g., example.com)
* Path (e.g., /about)
* Query parameters (e.g., ?search=keyword)

Dominant Web Protocol: HTTPS (HyperText Transfer Protocol Secure) is becoming the dominant protocol on the World Wide Web, providing a secure connection.

What is a Domain Name? A domain name is a human-readable address for a website (e.g., google.com).

The Necessity of Port Numbers: Port numbers are essential for directing network traffic to the correct application on a server.

HTTP and HTTPS Port Numbers: HTTP typically uses port 80, and HTTPS uses port 443.

Obtaining a Website Address: Organizations can obtain a website address (domain name) through domain registrars.

*What is a Blog