Genetics

Understand the fundamental principles of genetics with this comprehensive course. We'll explore the building blocks of life, starting with DNA and RNA structure, including the components of a nucleotide (sugar, phosphate, and nitrogenous base). You'll learn about complementary base pairing and the crucial concept of antiparallel strands in DNA.

Delve into Mendelian inheritance and discover why pea plants were essential to Gregor Mendel's groundbreaking experiments. Master monohybrid crosses and dihybrid crosses, developing problem-solving skills for both. We'll also investigate incomplete dominance with illustrative examples.

Explore complex gene interactions, including epistasis, multiple allelism, and polygenic inheritance. Practice solving problems related to multiple allelism.

Gain a clear understanding of sex determination in both plants and animals, examining heterogametic males and heterogametic females with specific examples.

Learn about crossing over and its mechanism, including complete linkage and incomplete linkage observed in organisms like Drosophila and maize. We'll also cover the coupling and repulsion hypothesis and Morgan's view on linkage.

Investigate chromosomal structural changes such as deletion, inversion, duplication, and translocation, as well as numerical changes including autopolyploidy and allopolyploidy. A detailed study of autopolyploidy and allopolyploidy, with a specific example of the New World Cotton Plant, will be included.

Discover the fascinating phenomenon of maternal inheritance as observed in Mirabilis jalapa, as well as petite characters in yeast and kappa particles in Paramecium.

Finally, explore mutation and mutagens, differentiating between physical, chemical, and biological mutagens. We'll cover point mutations and frameshift mutations, as well as various types of gene mutations like transitions, transversions, and tautomerism. The course concludes with an overview of different syndromes, including Turner syndrome, Down syndrome, Cri du chat syndrome, and Klinefelter syndrome.