Filosofia: Ética e Metaética

Explore the foundations of ethics and metaethics in this comprehensive course! Delve into classic and contemporary ethical theories, examining the ideas of renowned philosophers.

What is Ethics?

This course investigates the core questions of right and wrong, aiming to guide human conduct. We'll analyze ethical theories from influential thinkers including:

• Plato: Explore his foundational ideas on morality.
• Aristotle: Discover his influential ethics of eudaimonia (flourishing) and virtue.
• Immanuel Kant: Understand his deontological ethics centered on moral duty.
• John Stuart Mill: Learn about utilitarianism and maximizing happiness.
• Jean-Paul Sartre & Simone de Beauvoir: Explore existentialism and individual freedom/responsibility.
• Peter Singer: Engage with contemporary issues in animal ethics, veganism, and effective altruism.

Understanding Metaethics

Go beyond moral theories and explore the nature of morality itself. Metaethics examines the underlying foundations of ethics, questioning concepts like moral objectivity. We'll tackle crucial questions:

• Is there an objective moral truth?
• What is the nature of good and right?
• Do objective moral facts exist, or is morality subjective?

Key concepts explored include:

• Moral Realism vs. Anti-Realism: Investigate the debate over objective moral facts.
• Intuitionism vs. Naturalism: Examine whether morality is based on intuition or natural facts.

We'll analyze the work of prominent metaethical thinkers:

• G.E. Moore: Explore his intuitionist theory of ethics.
• A.J. Ayer: Understand his verificationist theory of moral statements.
• J.L. Mackie: Delve into his metaethical critique of moral error.
• Michael Huemer: Discover his defense of common sense and intuitionism.

We'll also dissect fundamental arguments like the Frege-Geach problem and Moore's open question argument.

What to Expect in This Course:

• Engaging & Interactive Lectures: Learn from experts in ethics and metaethics.
• Thought-Provoking Discussions: Challenge your perspectives and deepen your understanding.
• Practical Activities: Apply ethical concepts to real-world scenarios.
• Supplementary Resources: Explore topics in greater depth.
• Illustrative Examples & Critical Analyses: Gain a nuanced understanding of ethical theories.

Who is This Course For?

This course is ideal for:

• Curious students exploring ethical questions.
• Professionals seeking to enhance their ethical reasoning.
• Anyone wanting a deeper understanding of the world around them.

Why Study Ethics?

Studying ethics is crucial for:

• Understanding human behavior and decision-making.
• Making informed and responsible choices in personal and professional life.
• Developing critical thinking and empathy.
• Strengthening integrity and respect for others.
• Contributing to a more just and ethical society.

Join us on this journey to unravel the complexities of ethics and metaethics! Discover how these fundamental fields shape our lives and societies. Let's explore these essential questions together.